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Parable of the Good Samaritan, 2008.
This paper discusses and analyzes the text of the parable of the good Samaritan from the New Testament.
1,964 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the parable of the good Samaritan is one of the most familiar in the New Testament. It tells the story of a man who is harmed by robbers. The writer explains that two men pass him by, but the third stops and goes out of his way to help this stranger. The writer maintains that the parable of the good Samaritan teaches us that we are all the same. It teaches that differences are only skin deep and that we all must depend on our brethren for survival. The writer also explains that, in this parable, Jesus makes an obvious insult to the Pharisees and Levites, who felt more highly of their piousness than of their fellow man. The writer concludes that this parable is an excellent example of the type of actions that could end all conflict. The body of the paper includes a version of the text discussed.
Outline:
Historical Context
Literary Context
Structure
Grammatical Data
Biblical Content
Theological Importance
Application
From the Paper
"The most important note on historical context is that Jesus was speaking to the Jews in the passage. The Samaritans and Jews were enemies who despised each other. The tale, as told in the context of the audience had a hidden significance in the ideal of non-discrimination. In this story, a racist was helped by another racist. Through this act, they were brought together for the common good of all. This element is often lost in the retelling of the story because the significance of racial tensions between the groups is not known to modern audiences.
"The key element that is important to a clear understanding of the text is the social setting in which the parable is told. There are racial tensions between the groups sitting in the audience. The essential essence of the parable lies within the conflict between the different groups in the audience."
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Communitarianism, 2008.
An examination of the philosophy of communitarianism and Lenin's specific approach to communitarianism.
1,662 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discsses the communitarian vision of the way that a society should be run and describes the philosophy and beliefs of communitarianism. The paper then looks at Lenin's communitarianism and how it related to his Marxist beliefs. The paper also looks at symbolic interactionism as a theory of the individual and relates this to Lenin's views of communitarianism.
From the Paper
"Symbolic interactionism is a theory of the individual while functionalism is a theory of structure. Efforts have been made to create some middle theory that brings the two together. Giddens is one who has proposed such a theory, one he calls Duality of Structure and which involves both structure and individual agency. When we ask about the structure of social practices, we are seeking to explain how structures are constituted through actions and how actions are constituted structurally at the same time. Giddens suggests that the global dimension of thought and action so prominent in the modern world capitalist system ought to shape theoretical discourse in profound ways.
"He notes the dimensions of modernity as we enter the period of post-modernity, and he finds that sociology will more and more shed the residue of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century thought as we move into this post-modern phase."
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"The Republic", 2008.
An analysis of the theme of justice in Plato's "The Republic".
793 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the main concern of Plato's "The Republic" is justice. The paper notes that the term 'justice' had often been used as morality or, in other words, moral behavior had been described in terms of justice. In fact, Plato, Socrates and others apply the term justice to morality on many occasions. However, today, justice and morality are considered two different things. They may be connected to each other but cannot be used interchangeably. The paper examines how, in contrast, this is not the same with Plato and this distinction is important when examining how Glaucon in "The Republic", describes injustice as immoral behavior and calls it injustice.
From the Paper
"Socrates refuses to accept this logic and said that only an immoral person would be so deluded. If a person commits acts of injustice because he cannot be seen, he is still hurting his soul and that's the worst thing anyone can do to himself. But his views are again rejected by Adeimantus who supports Glaucon and says: "Both Glaucon and I, Socrates, are saying to you, "My friend, we can start with those original heroes whose writings are extant and end with our contemporaries, but we find that not a single one of you self-styled supporters of morality has ever found fault with immorality or commended morality except in terms of the reputation, status, and rewards which follow from them." (p. 55)"
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Robert Merton and Social Structure, 2008.
This paper looks at Robert K. Merton's theories regarding social structure and anomie.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that according to the philosopher Thomas Hobbes, without social controls, because of humanity's biological impulses, life would be nasty, brutish and short. Although we as a society now reject Hobbes' mode of governance, many theorists of crime seem to adopt a similar line of analysis. The writer points out that they see crime as a product of the individual rather than society, and crime as having biological rather than sociological origins. However, the writer discusses that Robert K. Merton's theories of social controls and anomie give a persuasive example of how there is considerable evidence that some social structures exert a definite pressure upon certain persons in the society to engage in nonconformist rather than conformist conduct. The writer discusses how the social structure of a society, in this case, American society, sets certain norms, such as the norm of success. The writer concludes that it creates institutional norms, like the ideal that capitalist firms must quickly show a profit.
From the Paper
"Those who doubt the truth of this statement need look no farther than a college campus to see it in action. College students who might never have drank before attending school, or perhaps only had a glass of wine in private at family dinners and functions may feel pressured to drink to fit into the dominant social milieu. These students may not even enjoy drinking, and very likely know the logical consequences of drinking to excess, including sickness, the dangers of alcoholism, failing grades, and even overdosing. There is also the chance of engaging in foolish and regrettable behavior, and even putting one's self at risk for sexually transmitted diseases.
"The students have been made aware of the fact, by the school's administration, that it is illegal to drink until they are over the age of 21, and that alcohol is not permitted on campus."
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Rhetoric and Democracy, 2008.
An analysis of Plato's views of rhetoric and democracy and how they apply to modern day politics.
1,517 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the danger of rhetoric to a democracy. The paper looks at Socrates' four arguments and Plato's view of false rhetoric in order to understand just how prone democracy is to corruption. It then discusses the concepts within the context of an external political structure and discusses how it applies to modern day politics.
From the Paper
"Plato's argument against rhetoric is not all encompassing. Clearly, when used to explain a difficult philosophical position to others, rhetoric is the only real method that can be employed. But, it is just as easily corrupted to be used to soothe the egos of despots and the conceited. Rhetoric can be used to convince people that two plus two is five (a la George Orwell), because if the argument sounds reasonable enough, people can be convinced of just about anything. Thus, our democratic process is not a true election of the best person for the job, but an election of the best rhetoricians - liars by trade."
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Ecological Imperialism and Marx's Capitalism, 2008.
This paper discusses ecological imperialism in light of Marx's views on capitalism.
1,042 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how political imperialism and capitalist forces are closely connected with ecological imperialism. In particular, the paper examines the theories of Alfred W. Crosby and Karl Marx on imperialism and looks at how they relate to ecological imperialism. The paper first discusses Crosby's thesis that imperialism did not only change the political and social structures of colonies but also affected their ecological systems. The paper then looks at Marx's arguments about the damage caused by capitalism. According to Marx, capitalism was a force that treated laborers as machines and did not give them the value they deserved. This degradation of work leads to degradation of environment and ecology.
From the Paper
"Imperialism is a well-understood concept and the mere mention of the word generates extreme sentiments of resentment and bitterness against certain nations of the world. When imperialism in politics was destroying the colonies, there was another phenomenon at work, which had also been working hand in hand. It was called ecological imperialism where entire ecologies of colonies were changed because of imperial influences. Alfred W. Crosby first brought this forward in 1986 in his book Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900."
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Jesus and the Fishing Boat, 2008.
This paper discusses Jesus and the discovery of a 27-foot fishing boat dating back to the first century B.C., concentrating on the concept of the Sea of Galilee.
1,912 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This research paper focuses on the 27-foot fishing boat from the first century BC found in the Sea of Galilee that is believed to be connected to the historical Jesus. The paper relates that the topic is linked to the ideas surrounding the historical Jesus, his life, activities, involvements, relationships, and view. The paper further relates that the information it contains also describes the artifact and looks at how and where it was discovered. The writer concludes that without the Sea of Galilee, used as an allegory in many of the parables of Jesus, these stories might have been much more difficult for the disciples to understand however, the references to the Sea of Galilee and specifically to the fishermen's trade lends comprehension to many of the sayings of Jesus, that otherwise would have been more difficult for the people of that time to discern and comprehend.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Was This The boat That Jesus Sat, Slept and Taught In?
The Fishing Economy & The Sea of Galilee
The Historical Jesus
Jesus was a Fisher of Men
Why the Sea of Galilee?
Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper
"In many ways, the Sea of Galilee is centric to the life and story of the historical Jesus as he called several of his disciples from the shorelines of the Sea of Galilee and they followed him without question. The Sea of Galilee was an important part of the economy in this area of the world during the time that Jesus walked upon the earth and fishing was an important livelihood as well as being important insofar as the food market in this area of the world. Jesus used the symbolism of the fish in many of his teachings, parables and sermons. In fact, the Christian symbol known as the Ichthus is the symbol of a fish, and it is know that during time of Christian persecution following the life, crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus that when two Christians would meet they would identify themselves one to the other by one tracing half of the fish symbol in the sand with his foot, and the other, if a Christian, would then trace the other half of the symbol in the sand with his foot thus completing the symbolic 'Ichthus' and both would know that they were in the company of another Christian and that it was safe to talk about Jesus and his ministry."
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Group Counseling, 2008.
A discussion comparing and contrasting what the views are in current literature on the subject of group counseling.
4,001 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
The paper explores group counseling and examines what group counseling actually is and what the purpose of group counseling is. The paper continues and examines ethics in counseling and specifically those ethics of the Christian counselor in maintaining Biblical principles in counseling and what the ethical requirements of the Christian counselor are. The paper comments that findings in this work include the important and key role of the group leader or facilitator in keeping the interactions and communications positive in order to avoid harm to group members.
Outline:
Introduction
Methodology
Key Terms and Definitions
Background to the Study
Compare/Contrast Current Views on Group Counseling
Summary And Conclusion
From the Paper
"Throughout the remainder of the 20th century, groups emerged as an increasingly popular mode of intervention in psychotherapy and counseling settings." (Stockton, Morran, and Krieger, 2004) Group methods are popular in use today "across a wide variety of settings to assist clients who present with a diverse range of goals and concerns," (Stockton, Morran and Krieger, 2004) Group counseling is an approach to treatment that is considered to have the same relevant effectiveness as individual counseling. There are various methods used in the group counseling therapy and there are very few studies to provide solid evidence of the direction the group leader should take however, preliminary findings do state that positive interaction with the group leader and the members of the group is vital to successful intervention. Group counseling is known to have benefits including."
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Descartes' Body-Mind Dualism, 2008.
A look at Rene Descartes' theory of body-mind dualism.
1,720 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Rene Descartes' belief about the dualism of mind and body in which Descartes states that the mind and body can exist and function independently from each other.. The writer of the paper first looks at Descartes' four categories of explanations for his body-mind dualism arguments and then explains why he believes that, regardless of the multitude of forces brought in favor of the body - mind dualism, one cannot correctly state that body and mind can function on their own.
Outline:
Abstract
Dualism of Mind and Body
Support of Mind - Body Dualism
Personal Belief
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Rene Descartes is regarded as one of the greatest minds humanity has ever mastered. Born in France, he became specialized in several subjects, such as theology, philosophy, literature, mathematics, law or medicine. A firm sustainer of the sciences, Descartes believed that everything surrounding him could be explained as a combination of mathematics and another subject. "Descartes, who was convinced that science and mathematics could be used to explain everything in nature, was the first to describe the physical universe in terms of matter and motion, seeing the universe a as giant mathematically designed engine." "
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Adam Smith, 2008.
This paper outlines the philosophies of Adam Smith, the economic and political visionary.
873 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper explains Adam Smith's background and his moral and economic philosophy. The paper looks at how Smith perceives the nature of work and the relationship between working people and society at large.
Outline:
Background and History
Smith's Moral Philosophy
Adam Smith's Economic Philosophy:
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Adam Smith (1723-1790), was a professor of moral philosophy at Glasgow University and a visionary economic political theorist who pioneered a capitalist theory that was to become known as laissez fair economics. His most influential written works were An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, which he authored in 1776, fittingly, the same year as the birth of the United States, where his approach to economics was to be embraced and implemented more extensively than any other nation."
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An Analysis of Biblical Terms Used for Counseling, 2008.
A research paper examining the debate over secular, as opposed to religious, approaches to counseling.
4,744 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 28 sources, APA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses examples of Biblical terms and their relationship to modern counseling concepts and terminology. The paper also takes into account the secular- religious debate. The central thesis that is explored in the paper is that Biblical terms can not only provide a useful tool for counseling in a social and cultural contact but that a study of these terms extends the understanding of counseling concepts and widens and enriches the area of discussion, research and application.
Outline:
Introduction
Research Methodology
Analysis
Healing
Discussion
Correlation with the terms wisdom and communication
Counsel
Discussion
Help
Summation and Conclusion
From the Paper
"However a slightly different emphasis which relates to modern counseling is found in Isaiah 40:31. "Yet those who wait for the LORD Will gain new strength; They will mount up with wings like eagles, They will run and not get tired, They will walk and not become weary" . This refers to the enhancement of the ability to help others through the strength and wisdom provide by God. This aspect is more directly referred to in Romans 16 "That ye receive her in the Lord, as becometh saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever business she hath need of you: for she hath been a succourer of many, and of myself also. This tendency towards helping others is dependent on God and the physical and spiritual assistance an insight that He provides.
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Helen Longino, 2008.
A discussion on Helen Longino's essay "Subjects, Power, and Knowledge: Description and Prescription in Feminist Philosophies of Science."
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper states that Helen Longino's essay "Subjects, Power, and Knowledge: Description and Prescription in Feminist Philosophies of Science" draws upon the distinctions and tensions between the normative and descriptive traditions in the theory of knowledge, trying to integrate and examine the way in which the feminist accounts of science have impacted the theory of knowledge acquisition. The paper explains that Longino's focus is mainly on the epistemology of science. The paper also states that in Longino's opinion the identification of nature as female and the scientific mind as male, and the privileging of explanatory models of control over those constructed around relations of interdependence may question the validity of the scientific method itself.
From the Paper
"The nature of the relationship between observation, data, and theory, which represent scientific discourse have been considered arguments against unconditioned subjectivity and empiricism. The arguments rely on the fact that if the scientific knower is considered an individual who should be freed from external influences in order to produce acceptable knowledge the puzzles introduced by observation and certain evidential relations will remain unsolved."
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Dostoevsky, Science and Free Will, 2008.
This paper discusses the beliefs of Fyodor Dostoevsky concerning science and free will.
1,724 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Fyodor Dostoevsky's "Notes from the Underground" and his concern that if science is used as the only tool to discover meaning and lay blame, then human emotion and free will will no longer exist. The paper explains how Dostoevsky worries about the loss of responsibility for one's actions, which would eventually allows people to legitimately act with cruelty. The paper also shows how his words foreshadow the times that would come, when the German "scientific" culture would convince millions to take the lives of innocents in WWII.
From the Paper
"Dostoevsky, lived in a time when science and new ideas were coveted all over the world, but when his homeland Russia oppressed it with zeal. Bureaucracy and administration censored new findings and ideas with a vengeance so great even great literary minds such as Dostoevsky would spend some time in exile in Siberia as a result of "subversive" wittings and political affiliations. Though Dostoevsky was initially sentenced to death, with several of his affiliation members, his sentence was commuted to four years of exile in Siberia, only after he and his fellow liberals were standing outside for some time awaiting execution. (Dostoevsky vii)"
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Environmental Determinism and Probabilism, 2008.
Defines the theories of environmental determinism and probalilism and their application to understanding mankind.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that environmental probabilism states that almost all or any behaviors may be probable within one or in any environment; whereas, determinism states that it is the physical environment and not social conditions, which shape a person's character and behaviors. The author points out that the concept environmental probabilism has emerged as a direct result of reactions to the supposed shortcomings and inadequacies of environmental determinism. Although these environmental theories today are being used in anthropological research to better understand the exact role human beings play in nature, the paper concludes that hopefully more theories related to these theories will emerge soon, which will explain human behavior in a more succinct and terse manner.
From the Paper
"Reportedly, Winston Churchill made the statement that a human being shapes a building, and thereafter, the building shapes him. He meant to say that there exists a subtle relationship between one's building and one's behavior; environmental psychologists have found this to be true after extensive research on the subject. The relationship is viewed through a list of possibilities and probabilities, and this then is the principle upon which 'probabilism' is based. This concept has given rise to the idea that there is a probability of the built environment playing a positive or a negative role on organizations and campus environments."
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Moral Relativism, 2008.
A debate on the pros and cons of moral relativism.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether or not moral relativism is correct or not. The writer presents both sides of the argument and includes opinions of several authorities on the subject. The paper concludes with the writer's own opinion on moral relativism.
Outline:
The "Yes" Side
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opinion
From the Paper
"Throughout history, different people at different times and places have held divergent, sometimes opposing, moral views, even within the same society (Harman 1996). The ancient Greeks once strongly believed, for instance, that their god Zeus produced thunder. That science changed that strong belief. Today's Greek people will ascribe thunder to natural causes and conditions. This shows that what a particular society or individual strongly believes in or observes can and does change when new and convincing evidence demands that change. Another example is the origin and nature of black holes, which have not yet been scientifically explained. The dictates of morality appear to proceed from convention or understanding among people of a particular era and place. The fact is that people within that particular era and place themselves form different shades of understanding even about a specific matter. There appears to be no strict, basic or generalized moral demands or requirements for differences in understanding or view about something. Because people's beliefs are relative, it follows that their behavioral norms, described as ethics, are also relative. Thus it is correct to say that morality and ethics, which are determined or perceived individually and subjectively, are also individual and subjective rather than absolute (Harman)."
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